Soo Bahk Do: Exploring a Strong Korean Martial Art

What is Soo Bahk Do, and why is this Korean martial art different from the rest? Soo Bahk Do uses traditional techniques from Japanese martial arts such as Shotokan Karate and Kung Fu. It blends techniques from these martial arts with a modern approach that aims to be more effective. This article offers an insight into its rich history, the details of Soo Bahk Do training methods, and where the martial art is today.

The Origins of Soo Bahk Do

Soo Bahk Do has roots that extend deep in Korean history. Established by founder Hwang Kee in the aftermath of Korea’s liberation from Japanese occupation, Soo Bahk Do represents a blend of ancient Korean martial arts with modern techniques and philosophies. In 1945, Hwang Kee established the Moo Duk Kwan school, laying the groundwork for what would evolve into Soo Bahk Do. Drawing from a heritage dating back over 2,000 years, Soo Bahk Do is steeped in a rich tradition that gives it its unique identity and appeal. It was officially trademarked in 1994, a move aimed at preserving the high standards and unique style of its teachings.

Ancient Roots in Korea

The story of Soo Bahk Do begins in the heart of Korea. Its origins come from the ancient Korean martial art system Soo Bahk Ki, a discipline that was practiced over 2000 years ago during the Ku Ko Ryu Dynasty. This ancient art form was the foundation that would eventually grow into the martial art we know today as Soo Bahk Do.

Evolution from Tang Soo Do

The evolution of Soo Bahk Do is a large part of its adaptability and continuous refinement. Originally, it was practiced by the name of Tang Soo Do within the Moo Duk Kwan martial arts school. However, on June 30, 1960, Hwang Kee officially renamed the martial art from Tang Soo Do to Soo Bahk Do. It was not until 1994 that Soo Bahk Do became the official trademarked style practiced under the Moo Duk Kwan system. Many argue that these two martial arts are the same and have just been renamed, while others believe there is an evolution in technique. Regardless of this, Soo Bahk Do is now the more popular of the two in large part because of the change in name.

The Influence of Shotokan Karate and Kung Fu

While deeply grounded in Korean martial arts, Soo Bahk Do also draws influences from other martial arts systems. The pyong-an (Pinan) forms display linear movements similar to those found in Shotokan Karate kata. Additionally, the blocks, strikes, and techniques often employ circular constructions, a characteristic influenced by Northern Chinese martial arts. This blend of influences contributes to the large variety of Soo Bahk Do techniques.

Core Principles and Philosophy

At the heart of Soo Bahk Do is a unique blend of principles and philosophy that guide its practitioners. The Five Moo Do values, which are the core principles of Soo Bahk Do, are:

1. History
2. Tradition
3. Philosophy
4. Discipline/Respect
5. Technique

These values are interdependent on each other, reinforcing the significance of the others. They are intended to be practiced both within physical practice and in the lives of Soo Bahk Do practitioners. The Five Elements philosophy of Soo Bahk Do focuses on cultivating distinct energies for martial arts practice and personal health.

The Ship Sam Seh Philosophy in Soo Bahk Do

Ship Sam Seh, or the Thirteen Influences, is a central philosophical concept in Soo Bahk Do that traces its origins to traditional Korean martial arts and Chinese philosophy. It encompasses principles that guide both the mental and physical aspects of martial art, emphasizing harmony between the mind, body, and the natural flow of energy. The principles of Ship Sam Seh include understanding forces such as balance, breath control, and the dynamic interplay of opposites, known as Um and Yang. In practice, Ship Sam Seh influences the execution of techniques, the structure of forms (Hyung), and the strategic approach to sparring in Soo Bahk Do. The curriculum and techniques are deeply influenced by the Ship Sam Seh philosophy, which not only enhances the effectiveness of movements but also contributes to the practitioner’s personal development.

The Unique Techniques of Soo Bahk Do

The techniques of Soo Bahk Do are as unique as the art itself. The practice focuses on the flow of natural movements and the significant use of hip motions to generate power and fluidity. The ‘hyung’ or forms in Soo Bahk Do are influenced by the philosophical framework of Ship Sam Seh, which is a core element in understanding and mastering sparring techniques. From kicks and punches to defensive maneuvers, Soo Bahk Do encompasses a variety of techniques, making it a comprehensive martial arts system.

Stances and Footwork

Soo Bahk Do teaches several stances that are crucial to learning the martial art. The main stances, Chun Gul Jaseh, Hu Gul Jaseh, Kee Ma Jaseh, Sa Ko Rip Jaseh, and Kyo Cha Rip Jaseh, represent a different movements in Soo Bahk Do. In addition to these stances, the Oh Bo, or five steps, is a fundamental principle of movement that includes advancing, retreating, moving right, moving left, and maintaining center. Training in Soo Bahk Do involves applying the Oh Bo principle as well as the core stances in order to enhance the effectiveness of attacking and defending techniques.

Hand Techniques and Strikes

Hand techniques and strikes are integral components of Soo Bahk Do. Essential techniques include:

• Ha Dan Mahk Kee (Low Block)
• Sang Dan Soo Do Mahk Kee (High Knife Hand Block)
• Choong Dan Kong Kyuk (Middle Punch)
• Kwan Soo Kong Kyuk (Spear Hand Attack)
• Cap Kwon (Backfist)

Each hand technique and strike has a specific application in defense and offense and contributes to the unique style of Soo Bahk Do.

Kicks and Leg Techniques

Soo Bahk Do employs strong, deep stances inspired by Shotokan Karate. These stances provide stability and leverage for kicking techniques. The martial art emphasizes the active use of the hip to generate power in kicks and leg techniques. Soo Bahk Do kicks include the spinning back kick, axe kicks, front kicks, roundhouse kicks, and more. This variety of kicks and strong emphasis on practicing kicking techniques mean that Soo Bahk Do practitioners gain excellent kicking abilities. While it is not as focused on kicks as other Korean martial arts like Taekwondo, Soo Bahk Do still offers a great variety of kicking techniques.

Main Hyung of Soo Bahk Do

Soo Bahk Do’s training curriculum is centered around the practice of hyung, or forms, which are critical for mastering the art’s techniques and philosophies. The following list highlights the main things that every practitioner is expected to learn:

1. Ki Cho Hyung Il Bu (Basic Form 1)
2. Ki Cho Hyung Ee Bu (Basic Form 2)
3. Ki Cho Hyung Sam Bu (Basic Form 3)
4. Chil Sung Il Ro (Seven Stars Form 1)
5. Chil Sung Ee Ro (Seven Stars Form 2)
6. Chil Sung Sam Ro (Seven Stars Form 3)
7. Pyong Ahn Cho Dan (Peaceful Confidence Form 1)
8. Pyong Ahn Ee Dan (Peaceful Confidence Form 2)
9. Pyong Ahn Sam Dan (Peaceful Confidence Form 3)
10. Bassai (To Penetrate a Fortress)
11. Nai Han Ji Cho Dan (Internal Energy Form 1)
12. Nai Han Ji Ee Dan (Internal Energy Form 2)
13. Nai Han Ji Sam Dan (Internal Energy Form 3)
14. Ship Soo (Ten Hands or Battle)

These forms are considered the backbone of Soo Bahk Do, integrating the art’s core principles and techniques into a structured learning path for practitioners.

Belt Ranking System and Progression

In Soo Bahk Do, the belt you wear is a visual representation of your journey through the martial art. The ranking system starts with a white belt at the 10th Gup and advances through intermediate levels, marked by blue stripes, up to the 1st Gup, which is represented by a red belt with two blue stripes. Progress through the ranks is achieved by completing a Shim Sa, or grading, where students are evaluated and then awarded stripes or new belts based on their performance. At the first Dan level, practitioners are awarded a midnight blue belt instead of a black belt. Soo Bahk Do does not offer a black belt, and it is unique in this way compared to other Japanese martial arts. It only offers a blue belt, as the philosophy is that a black belt would mean that a final amount of knowledge has been learned. Soo Bahk Do believes that the quest for knowledge and improvement in martial arts is unending, and this means a blue belt is more fitting with its philosophy.

Training in Soo Bahk Do: What to Expect

Soo Bahk Do has a specific training regimen designed to encourage personal growth and physical strength. The training in Soo Bahk Do includes:

• Physical conditioning like sit-ups, push-ups, and body-weight exercises
• Forms or training of Hyung
• Practicing singular techniques like punches and kicks

Every training session ends with a closing ceremony, which includes meditation, uniform adjustment, and traditional salutations.

Class Structure and Etiquette

The manner and attitude of practice are just as important as the physical techniques. Its the etiquette and manners of Soo Bahk Do that help create disciplined martial artists rather than undisciplined brawlers. Conduct, body language, and demeanor within the dojang reflect the respect and discipline expected from students. This behavior usually mirrors the behavior of instructors and senior students. The dojang maintains harmony and control through established rules and protocols, which include punctuality, correct lining up, and proper addressing of seniors and instructors.

Soo Bahk Do Around the World

From its roots in Korea, Soo Bahk Do has grown into a global phenomenon. The martial art has spread across the world, with schools established in numerous countries. International competitions, such as the Soo Bahk Do Moo Duk Kwan World Championships, bring practitioners from various nations together to compete and share knowledge. Renowned Soo Bahk Do practitioners contribute to the art’s international recognition through both competitive success and their contributions to the martial arts community.

International Competitions and Events

Global events and competitions present a golden opportunity for Soo Bahk Do practitioners to showcase their skills and learn from others. Martial arts enthusiasts from around the world participate in events like the USA Moo Do Kwan National Festival, Euro Summer Camp, and the Argentina World Moo Duk Kwan Festival. The United States Soo Bahk Do Moo Duk Kwan Federation has also embraced technological advancements by organizing virtual national competitions, illustrating the adaptability of martial arts events to the digital age. These international events provide practitioners of Soo Bahk Do the chance to connect, engage, and exchange knowledge with the wider Moo Duk Kwan community.

Prominent Soo Bahk Do Practitioners

Soo Bahk Do has been shaped by many hands, and among them, some stand out for their significant contributions to the art. Prominent practitioners, such as:

• Craig Hays
• Josh Lockwood
• Jared Rosenthal
• Jennifer Gibbons
• Thomas Thai
• Cort Stinehour
• Daymon Kenyon

Serve in vital positions on the Technical Advisory Committee of the United States Soo Bahk Do Moo Duk Kwan Federation. Their master-level expertise as instructors and dedication to various sub-committees reinforce the depth of their contributions to the martial art. The commitment of these Soo Bahk Do masters to preserve and advance the martial art solidifies their standing as notable figures within the international Soo Bahk Do community.

Summary

From its roots in Korea to its spread across continents, Soo Bahk Do continues to inspire and transform the lives of practitioners around the world. The martial art’s rich history, unique techniques, and core principles offer a unique path of personal development and self-discovery. As we continue to explore and learn, we should remember the spirit of Soo Bahk Do: a spirit of respect, discipline, and an unending quest for knowledge and mastery.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the meaning of Soo Bahk Do?

Soo Bahk Do is a Korean martial art that emphasizes fluid and dynamic movements, with a history dating back over 2000 years and a focus on respect, discipline, and personal growth.

How does the belt ranking system in Soo Bahk Do work?

In Soo Bahk Do, the belt ranking system starts with a white belt at the 10th Gup and progresses through various levels, culminating in a midnight blue belt at the first Dan level, symbolizing different stages of personal growth and character development.

How can I become a certified instructor in Soo Bahk Do?

To become a certified instructor in Soo Bahk Do, you need to meet age and rank prerequisites, have extensive knowledge of the curriculum and teaching philosophy, and have at least three years of teaching experience. Additionally, you should demonstrate loyalty to Moo Duk Kwan through regular attendance and active participation in Soo Bahk Do events.

What are the benefits of joining the World Moo Duk Kwan Federation?

By joining the World Moo Duk Kwan Federation, you become part of a supportive community of Soo Bahk Do enthusiasts who can attend official training events, receive personalized guidance, and progress through testing and ranking. These benefits provide a valuable and enriching experience for members.

What can I expect when training in Soo Bahk Do?

When training in Soo Bahk Do, you can expect rigorous physical exercise, the need for proper hydration and nutrition, and a concluding ceremony involving meditation and traditional salutations. Make sure to wear appropriate attire for training.